Rédaction Africa Links 24 with khaliil
Published on 2024-04-03 20:39:06
Michael B. Bishku is a scholar specializing in Middle Eastern and African history. In a recent study on Ethiopia-Turkey relations, he discusses the historical ties between the two countries.
Ethiopia and Turkey have a long history of interactions dating back to the 16th century, with formal diplomatic ties initiated in 1896 between Emperor Menelik II of Ethiopia and Sultan Abdul Hamid II of the Ottoman Empire. Turkey opened its first embassy in sub-Saharan Africa in Addis Ababa in 1926, and Ethiopia reciprocated by setting up its embassy in Ankara in 1933.
During Italy’s invasion of Ethiopia from 1935 to 1937, Turkish soldiers volunteered for the Ethiopian army, showing strong support for Ethiopia. Despite political shifts following World War II, both countries maintained close relations during the 1960s.
However, relations were suspended by Turkey during Ethiopia’s Marxist regime from 1974 to 1991. Ethiopia’s alignment with the Soviet bloc during this time led to a strain in the relationship with Turkey.
In contrast, Turkey’s relations with Somalia have been characterized by humanitarian and development assistance. Somalia achieved independence in 1960 and experienced political turmoil following the overthrow of President Siad Barre in 1991. Turkey played a significant role in providing aid and support to Somalia during this period, including participating in UN operations, opening embassies, and establishing military bases in Mogadishu.
Turkey’s efforts in Somalia include infrastructure development, healthcare facilities, and educational scholarships. The country has provided over $1 billion in humanitarian aid since 2011, focusing on empowering the Somali government and combating threats like al-Shabaab.
Turkey’s engagement in Somalia has been contrasted with the United Arab Emirates’ involvement, with the UAE focusing more on security and military operations in the region. Despite these differences, both countries support Somalia’s efforts against common threats.
Somaliland’s declaration of independence in 1991 has added complexity to the region’s dynamics. Ethiopia and Turkey have established consulates in Somaliland, bypassing Mogadishu to engage directly with the government. In 2024, Ethiopia and Somaliland signed a memorandum of understanding, offering Ethiopia port access through a lease agreement.
Somalia responded to this deal by strengthening its partnership with Turkey, particularly in security and maritime patrol efforts. The competition for influence and resources in the region has raised concerns about stability and sovereignty.
In a time of uncertainty and geopolitical challenges, reliable journalism and expert analysis play a crucial role in informing the public. By providing trusted news and insights, academics like Michael B. Bishku help shed light on complex international relations and their implications.
Read the original article on Wardheer News
